DOL Publishes Labor Certification Backlog Reduction Rule
July 20, 2004 -- On July 21, 2004, the Department of Labor (DOL) will publish an interim rule that authorizes a plan to reduce the current backlog of pending permanent labor certification cases. The rule, which takes effect on August 20, 2004, gives the agency's Division of Foreign Labor Certification the discretion to direct State Workforce Agencies (SWAs) and DOL Regional Offices to transfer pending labor certification cases to processing centers in Philadelphia and Dallas, with the goal of clearing the backlog of 310,000 cases in two years. DOL has not yet released the details of the plan, but is expected to issue a directive to SWAs and regional offices with specific information on backlog reduction priorities and case selection. The rule makes clear that the reduction plan will operate independently of the Program Electronic Review Management (PERM) program, which is not expected to be finalized until later this year.
Background
Before an employment-based immigrant petition may be approved on behalf of a foreign national seeking to work permanently in the United States, the Department of Labor must certify that there are no U.S. workers who are able, willing, qualified and available for the job opening and that employment of the foreign national will not adversely affect the wages and working conditions of similarly employed U.S. workers. The certification process is undertaken by State Workforce Agencies and Department of Labor Regional Offices.
Under current procedures, an employer who seeks to permanently employ and immigrant foreign national in the United States must file Form ETA-750, the Application for Alien Employment Certification, with the State Workforce Agency serving the area of intended employment. The SWA performs a number of functions related to the application, including setting its place in the processing queue (the priority date), determining the prevailing wage for the position, and listing the job opening in the state's employment recruitment system. Based on the results of recruitment for the job opening, the SWA makes an initial determination as to whether there are able, willing and qualified U.S. workers available to take the job. If no U.S. workers are available, the SWA forwards the labor certification application, recruitment results and prevailing wage information to the appropriate DOL Regional Office, where the materials are reviewed and a determination is made as to whether to issue the labor certification based on the employer's compliance with program regulations. If the regional office determines that there are no able, willing, qualified and available U.S. workers and that employment of the foreign national will not adversely affect the wages and working conditions of similarly employed U.S. workers, a permanent labor certification is issued.
The backlog reduction centers are expected to centralize these processes and consolidate functions now performed separately by the SWAs and DOL regions. The new rule provides few details on the specifics of the plan, but the Foreign Labor Certification Division will later issue a directive with details on how SWAs and DOL regions should identify cases for backlog processing and where the cases should be sent. In the past, DOL officials have stated that the Dallas and Philadelphia centers will deal first with cases from their respective local regions and will address heavily backlogged regions such as New York and California later on in the process, but backlog priorities will not be known with certainty until the agency issues its specific directives to the SWAs and regional offices.
The permanent labor certification program's significant case backlogs are in large part attributable to the extension of Section 245(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, which permitted certain foreign nationals who entered the United States without inspection, engaged in unlawful employment or otherwise failed to maintain status to adjust status to permanent resident if a labor certification was filed on their behalf with an SWA on or before April 30, 2001. DOL estimates that more than 230,000 applications were filed to meet this deadline, nearly two and a half times more applications than were customarily filed in an entire year.