From one of the ex winners who was at the court
judges appeared knowledgeable about our
case and more knowledgeable than the judge we
had last year. Judge Garland is the one who
talked the most. Remember that this was not a
trial like last year but an oral session for the
judges to ask clarifications on the content of the
written documents. I thought the questions were
difficult on both sides. Compared to last year,
the questions addressed different aspects of the
case. Last year, the randomness issue took most
of the court time. This year, the judges ask
clarifications on the human, economic impact of
the cancelation, the availability of unused visas,
whether or not our complaint is moot and the
definition of randomness. So overall, the judge's
questions were more balanced and varied.
Remember that the decision will be based
mostly on the written documents and what was
said in court must be understood within the
context of written documents.
This year DoS brought only 1 lawyer: Mr. Hans
Harris Chen. For the little story, Mr. Chen put on
weight since last year which makes his ears stand
out
) and in my opinion, he did less good than
last year. As for the audience, this is also
different from last year, we were only 2
selectees: myself and Egor. The rest were law
students who sat for the most part on our side of
the room. This year, the DoS side was almost
empty. The rest were the judges' clerk.
N so we eargerly await the judges decision ......
A much more descriptive version of the transcript:
S: DOS rushed to judge and deprived selectees. I'd like to raise 2
issues: 1) DOS' actions were arbitrary and capricious and estoppel
claim. [...] 2% were selected by random process and statements of
Kirit Amin were not accurate.
C: How 2% would help?
[...]
C: How you define random?
S: [repeats White's definition]
C: My dictionary - Webster's college 3rd ed - defines random as "where
each has equal chance". Is this equal chance?
S: We don't think lottery requires equal chance. [??? - EE]
-----------------
C: If 98% came from 2 days is it possible everyone had equal chance?
S: [We don't have that info.]
C: The burden of proof is on you.
[...]
S: Declarations shoudld not be ent. too much weight. Mr. Amin provided
us with backfill explanation. He doesn't account how ppl. on 5 and 6
were not selected in seq. order. Amin is relying on 2000 entries to
talk for all entries. 720 backfilled should come from Nepal - [can't
be true]
--------------------
C: Even if you're right - it doesn't hit the basic problem - almost
everybody from 2 days. [...] Assume we accept definition definition of
equal probability - would the result be random?
S: It is not random intra-region.
C: Let's talk about randomness within region. Did they chose arbitrary
definition of randomness?
S: [No adequate investigation. 7 days is not enough. DOS haven't
provided definition of random until this litigation]
C: What about Public Notice?
S: [It doesn't provide definition]
C: Leave Amin out, why public notice definition of equal chance is not enough?
[...]
--------------
S: Step 2 of regulations never took place? Enought doubt was put on
DOS evidence. Mr. Amin declaration doesn't stand up.
=== Estoppel ===
S: [Demonstrated affirmative misconduct]
C: Is negligence affirmative misconduct?
S: [Yes.]
C: What's your best case where court ruled estoppel against government?
S: GAO case.
C: But there was no unfair result.
-------------------
C: They sold land within 5 days? [Should be 13 actually, they use 5
throughout the hearing - EE]
S: [Yes.]
C: They *got married in 5 days*?
S: These steps [selling land] were not to immigrate, but to overcome
public charge.
C: What about the 2nd lottery? What should we do with them?
S: [There's nothing preventing DOS from combining.]
C: You realize if 22000 people win, 22000 July winners lose?
S: DOS rarely awarded entire 50000 visas.
----------------------------
C: Why is it fair to give your clients visas - equitable? You only get to estoppel if you loose your first point. 100000
people around the world don't know about this litigation. Your folks
only had 5 days, they had almost whole year.
S: I don't know what 2nd lottery winners did on reliance, but I know
what my clients did.
C: Some people didn't do anything within 5 days - these people aren't
eligible for estoppel, right?
S: Right. We represent 36. I'm not sure we're bringing them *all* in.
C: All 36 did rely?
S: I don't know.
C: We should define if each of 36 did some steps. Should we let all 36
or 22000 provide declarations?
[...]
S: DOS will do 2 lotteries in 2013, so combining shouldn't be a problem.
C: Thanks.
==== Chen ====
C: Is government still argue the case is moot?
Ch: Yes. We have a system that is run by regulations. One of them says
we process by regional rank numbers. When new numbers appeared, the
opportunity of [reinstating] evaporated.
C: When we start discussing mootness, we should assume that the
opposing party is right. The case is moot only if there's no space
left. You have space left, right?
Ch: [There's nothing stopping]
C: Can you stop the second lottery now?
Ch: [...]
C: How many of 50000 have you issued?
Ch: I don't know.
C: But not all, right?
Ch: Right.
------------------------------
Ch: [address that declarations are insufficient]
C: Let's start with standard of review? Just for gov. reference [? -
EE] When we review decision of District Court it's just an APA review.
Ch: [Amin said - 2% won because they were backfilled. Plaintiffs are
trying to pull 2 cases. They were backfiled by 2 days, not one].
C: What if all submissions took place only on 5 and 6?
Ch: This is not true. Administrative law requires to give DOS
deference on all questions. Also, plaintiffs never disputed until this
morning that step 2 took place.
C: [What are those steps again?]
Ch: 1 - receive, sort and number, 2 - all petitions rank ordered, 3 -
drawing of selectees. That process is how DOS fulfills mandate. It has
to be "strictly random", not 2% random or 98% random.
------------------------------
C: Do you think you can win this case just by saying there's no step 2?
Ch: Yes. The definition of equal chance for everyone was brought
before the lawsuit. Substantial requirement - statute requires
strictly random order. And that was not met.
C: What info you had *exactly* at the point when lottery was voided?
Ch: [refers to Donahue's announcement with numbers - 98%]
C: [regarding Donahue's announcement] Here's the proof that not
everyone submitted on 5 and 6 - "we received entries during every
day".
Ch: Their reliance was not reasonable.
--------------------------
C: Once you tell 100000 people they get it? Is it first filers?
Ch: No, it's rank numbers.
C: So there was no rush? I thought that's why...
Ch: I admit they were encouraged to submit their applications ASAP.
C: So you said them yourself to sell land etc. to overcome public charge?
[...]
C: What about time and courier fees?
Ch: That doesn't qualify you for visa.
C: You know that $25 might be the annual income for some?
------------------------------------
Ch: Others had reliance on Fed. Reg. announcement.
C: Did they held release of 2nd lottery until Dist. Ct. decision?
Ch: [...] Reliance goes to all selectees. People who applied later in
month relied on Fed. Reg. announcement. The only alternative was to
strike results of first selection.
=== Soares ====
S: A claim that there wan't sufficient evidence. [regarding Donahue's
statement] "Many people apply every day", when 19 mln apply, every day
is a lot, but not statistical.
C: Are they lying that they found the software wasn't working?
S: I don't know.
C: Why would they lie under oath?
S: I hesitate to speculate. DOS rushed to provide an answer. The other
issue - Amin's declaration did not say that backfilling is limiteed to
2%. The governemnt makes the types of reliance. [Also, vaccinations,
medicals, not just $25].