The card should be fine to use, but to be on the safe side you may want to file another i90 to show them if they bring it up. From your description it sounds more like the application was deemed abandoned (because you didn’t show up for the interview) rather than denied for cause.
FWIW it’s not the same situation, but we just forgot about the 14th birthday rule and my kid traveled on her green card until about age 16 with no issues, then we realized we needed to renew and did at that stage. I don’t remember her needing an interview for that though.