How long can my wife stay outside country on GC

How long can my wife stay outside USA on GC, she is currently visiting family and would like to stay for 5 months,

A greencard holder is viewed as "seeking entry" just like any other alien once they stay outside the U.S. for 180 days (6 months) with or without a re-entry permit. Remaining abroad for one year without a Re-Entry Permit (applied for while in the U.S. and before departure---must get fingerprinted but can come back for that) VOIDS the greencard. IF that should happen, the LPR may apply for an SB-1 returning resident visa at the Consulate/Embassy but has to prove that the long stay was unanticipated, unavoidable, and beyond his/her control. With a Re-entry permit, the LPR may stay abroad for 2 years as long as they commence their return to the U.S. before the REP expiration date. A re-entry permit does not preserve residence for naturalization purposes.
 
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