gtteen, I only asked if she is a US citizen because then you will be considered as an immediate relative for whom a visa number is immediately available (some people have to wait for many years for a visa number!).
The adjustment of status will probably take about 4-8 months (although sometimes there are longer delays). Optionally you can apply for I-765 (employment authorization - EAD) and I-131 (advance parole - to travel outside US during the AOS) ... the fee for those is already included in the I-485 application.
Some of the more time consuming items on the application are the I-864 (affidavit of support), I-693 (medical exam which needs to be done by a designated civil surgeon), evidence you need to collect to prove a bona fide marriage, and if your birth certificate is in a language other than English, someone who is fluent in both languages (it can be you) needs to certify the translation.
Expect to have a biometrics appointment and a few months later an interview.
Good luck!