This is NOT a BIG issue!, however it can be a lot of 'confusion' for the newcomer, hence the premise the DoS use (at most CP posts for DV) requiring that you need to have the 'support of a sponsor' who can guide you with initial settlement hassles/confusions. (and sometimes ask to sign an i-134 guaranteeing it!)
If you are in any small way a logical and a sensible person ('education' helps but not a must for this aspect!) then you can survive well the initial shock. A good motto for a start is to know that...."there is no such thing called a FREE LUNCH!"
With some initial hassle , you CAN get over with the vicious circle of 'if you need Cr, you got to have Cr' scenario!!
Best support is available in communities where many 'foreigners' live, this is very true for communities with foreign univ. students. Ask for support from those country specific univ. groups from nearby Univs. (check with their 'intl. programs' office) You don't have to be a a student, especially they will guide you to the correct people for support and info.
Many new students/ new immigrants find great support from community Churches as well, and most times support comes with 'no strings attached', but some ppl can be bit 'pushy' later, if that is counter to your expectations then be ready to stand your ground and to your good beliefs....firm!
Apartment communities who deals frequently with 'newcomers' understands the ground realities and let you in w/o the 'credit rating' hassle and with no co-signer, try get info on them. Local 'credit unions' ('almost' like Banks!) that you are eligible to open a/c s are great support in getting a cr card and start building cr history. Remember, you have to use cr to help build rating/history. So use it but pay off balances monthly. Later, to help with 'mixture of cr' in cr rating math, get some personal loan/s (even though you have savings!) or car loan and pay off soon. There the interest you pay is your opportunity cost.
When you're settle down fully, make sure you read and understand the concept (and math) behind cr history/ cr score and use the many 'tricks' to help build them positively. However, make sure to read fine prints and avoid pitfalls!
In helping with your calls to US for apartment/job hunts etc. try use MagicJack Plus app, Skype or similar like Talkatone with Google talk. (others pitch in pl)
Try 'apartment guides' in Google and also
http://spotcrime.com/ and
http://www.greatschools.org/
http://www.city-data.com/ ; This is good site for general city stats. Use the 'Forum' section in getting more info about city apts, schools neighborhoods etc.
Others may pitch in with more helpful links for newcomers.
Hope this helps.
Best!