One trip of almost 6 months isn't a problem. But multiple trips of almost 6 months each without a reentry permit, with only short stays in the US in between, does put you at a real risk of losing your green card. However, most people are able to get away with doing that because at the port of entry the officers don't always have detailed and accurate information about your prior series of trips (and/or don't bother to check it). It is when they apply for citizenship, the USCIS will gather and deeply scrutinize their information, they run into trouble (although the usual result is denial of citizenship, not loss of the green card).